ABSTRACT
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is an acute neurological disorder characterized by variable symptoms and radiological images characteristic of vasogenic parietal-occipital edema. It is associated with clinical conditions such as high blood pressure, infection / sepsis, or cytotoxic / immunosuppressive drugs, among others. It is characterized pathophysiologically by endothelial damage with breakdown of blood-brain barrier (BBB), cerebral hypoperfusion, and vasogenic edema.The cases are presented on two critical COVID-19 patients who were admitted to pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation and who, after removing sedation, developed acute and reversible neurological symptoms consisting of epilepsy and encephalopathy, associated with hyperintense subcortical lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compatible with PRES.SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus would activate an inflammatory response that would damage brain endothelium. It could be triggered by cytokine release, as well as by direct viral injury, given that endothelium expresses ACE2 receptors. It could explain the possible association between PRES and COVID-19.
ABSTRACT
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is an acute neurological disorder characterized by variable symptoms and radiological images characteristic of vasogenic parietal-occipital edema. It is associated with clinical conditions such as high blood pressure, infection/sepsis, or cytotoxic/immunosuppressive drugs, among others. It is characterized pathophysiologically by endothelial damage with breakdown of blood-brain barrier, cerebral hypoperfusion, and vasogenic edema. The cases are presented on 2 critical COVID-19 patients who were admitted to pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation and who, after removing sedation, developed acute and reversible neurological symptoms consisting of epilepsy and encephalopathy, associated with hyperintense subcortical lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging compatible with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus would activate an inflammatory response that would damage brain endothelium. It could be triggered by cytokine release, as well as by direct viral injury, given that endothelium expresses ACE2 receptors. It could explain the possible association between posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and COVID-19.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome , Humans , COVID-19/complications , Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome/diagnostic imaging , Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome/etiology , SARS-CoV-2 , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , BrainABSTRACT
This article presents research and an educational proposal on art and literature through Xavier de Maistre's book Journey around my room (1794). It is framed in the period of social confinement carried out between March and May 2020 in Spain and it has been designed and implemented in the Learning and Teaching of Artistic Drawing subject of the Master in Teaching of ESO, Baccalaureate and Vocational Training at Universidad de Almeria. A methodology that starts with the objective of developing experiences that stimulate students from their individuality and isolation promoting reflective and practical learning in times of global pandemic is shown. Through the chosen readings, three activities are proposed around the drawing and the object that promote a creative process where students stimulate their spatial and sensory perception, as well as their creative and imaginative capacity outside the classroom. At the same time, this work addresses, at a theoretical level, the everyday life of the room, both in the novel and in the reality of the students, provoking a dialogue between the classroom and the workshop that allows questioning the educational space, the role of the teacher and the group conscience. The variety of profiles offered by this Master (artists, designers, architects, etc.) has made it possible to provide new approaches to drawing, sculpture and teaching-learning processes in art. © 2022 Universidad de Caldas. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Being an active healthcare worker is a high-risk factor for contracting the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The implementation of vaccination programs is the best option available to solve this problem. In Spain, healthcare professionals have been vaccinated as a matter of priority. Objective: To assess, through blood antibody counts, the immunogenicity of SARS-CoV2 vaccines in dialysis personnel and related factors. Material and Method: Observational, cross-sectional and multicentric descriptive study. Results: 167 participants, all vaccinated with RNA vaccines. 15% have previously passed the infection. 96.4% have developed antibodies (mean of 15,776 +/-13,640). Those professionals who have previously passed the infection have a significantly higher average number of antibodies than those who have not (23,532 vs 14,381) (p=0.05). The presence of symptoms such as fatigue, headache, fever, and myalgia is also related with a significantly greater reactivity (p=0.004). There is no significant relationship between reactivity and sex, age, BMI, or workplace. Conclusions: Immunogenicity caused by RNA vaccines administered to dialysis personnel has been almost complete. Suffering post-vaccination adverse effects such as fatigue, headaches, fever, nausea, pain, and having previously passed the infection is related to a greater reactivity, manifested by the development of an increased number of antibodies. © 2021, Sociedad Espanola de Enfermeria Nefrologica. All rights reserved.